飞行汽车真正飞入生活还面临多重瓶颈和阻碍

随着飞行汽车在车展上亮相，让很多人不禁高呼：“告别拥堵，我要飞得更高！”但是实际上，与堵在高速路上的噩梦说再见的动人时刻，未必很快到来。张扬军指出，飞行汽车的发展目前还处于从研究探索走向商业化应用的早期阶段。言外之意，以飞行汽车为载体的城市空中交通，将颠覆人们传统的出行方式。但要实现这一美好愿景，还面临着许多瓶颈和障碍。

    张扬军说，第一是规则问题。其中涉及城市空域管理，包括“航线”的制定、行驶的规则、事故责任的划分、空中执法手段等。目前为止全球没有任何针对飞行汽车认证和空中交通管理的清晰、统一的标准及规章体系。

    第二是市场问题。例如，飞行汽车采用电动化分布式推进，实际运行噪声远比直升机小，但城市空中交通的运行频次较现有直升机城市运行要密集很多，对城市人类生活到底会产生多大影响，公众能否接受都尚未可知。此外，城市空中交通的基础设施、运营模式、经济成本，以及用户体验等也都未见雏形。

    第三是技术问题。“飞行汽车性能主要涉及车体结构、飞控驾驶和动力推进三大技术领域。由于动力推进技术有其自身特有的专业技术门槛和难度，所以有关飞行汽车性能的技术研究，无论是让汽车飞起来的早期探索，还是现在面向城市空中交通的研发实践，都主要集中在车体结构和飞控驾驶这两大技术领域，而对于动力推进，更多的是对已有的技术和产品进行选型、系统集成和应用，专门针对飞行汽车动力推进的研究相对较少。动力推进的瓶颈会导致飞行汽车的有效载荷低、航程短，是当前飞行汽车性能研发面临的最主要问题和挑战。”张扬军说。

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    English version

    As the flying car was unveiled at the auto show, many people couldn't help shouting: "Farewell to the congestion, I want to fly higher!" But in fact, the moving moment of saying goodbye to the nightmare stuck on the highway may not come soon. Zhang Yangjun pointed out that the development of flying cars is still in the early stage of moving from research and exploration to commercial application. The implication is that urban air transportation with flying cars as the carrier will subvert people's traditional way of travel. But to realize this beautiful vision, there are still many bottlenecks and obstacles.

    Zhang Yangjun said, the first is the issue of rules. It involves urban airspace management, including the formulation of "routes", driving rules, division of accident responsibilities, air law enforcement methods, etc. So far, there is no clear and unified standard and regulatory system for flying car certification and air traffic management in the world.

    The second is the market issue. For example, flying cars use electric distributed propulsion, and the actual operating noise is much lower than that of helicopters, but the frequency of urban air traffic operations is much intensive than the existing helicopter urban operations. How much impact will it have on urban human life? Is it acceptable to the public? None is known yet. In addition, the infrastructure, operating mode, economic cost, and user experience of urban air transportation have not yet seen embryonic form.

    The third is technical issues. “Flying car performance mainly involves three major technical fields: car body structure, flight control driving, and power propulsion. Because power propulsion technology has its own unique professional technical threshold and difficulty, the technical research on flying car performance, whether it is to make the car fly The early exploration, or the current research and development practice for urban air traffic, are mainly concentrated in the two technical fields of car body structure and flight control driving. For power propulsion, more is the selection of existing technologies and products. There are relatively few researches on the power propulsion of flying vehicles. The bottleneck of power propulsion will lead to low payload and short range of flying vehicles. This is the main problem and challenge facing the performance research and development of flying vehicles" Zhang Yangjun said.（图文仅供参考侵删/飞行汽车  www.feiauto.com）

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